Legal & Compliance Considerations for New Winery Clients

Launching a wine brand involves much more than making great wine. One of the first questions every prospective winery owner should answer is:

How and where do you plan to sell your wine?

Your sales strategy determines which licenses you'll need, how you'll remain compliant, and what ongoing reporting obligations you'll have.

1. Determine Your Sales Channels

Before applying for licenses, decide where you intend to sell your wine.

Examples include:

  • Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) 

    • Winery tasting room 

    • Wine club 

    • Online sales 

    • Phone orders 

    • Wine shipments 

  • Wholesale Distribution 

    • Restaurants 

    • Retail stores 

    • Grocery chains 

    • Wine shops 

  • Self-Distribution (where permitted) 

  • Events and Festivals 

Many wineries use a combination of these channels, and each may require different licenses and compliance requirements.

2. Common California ABC Licenses

Below are several of the most common licenses new winery clients encounter.

Type 02 – Winegrower License

The Type 02 license is the standard California winery license.

It allows a winery to:

  • Produce wine 

  • Bottle wine 

  • Sell wine directly to consumers 

  • Operate a tasting room (with applicable approvals) 

  • Sell wine to distributors and retailers 

  • Ship wine where legally permitted 

Even if your wine is produced at a custom crush facility like Pacific Wine Services, your business typically needs its own Type 02 license to operate as a bonded winery. California and federal regulations also allow wine to be produced at another bonded winery under arrangements such as alternating proprietorships. 

Type 17 – Beer & Wine Wholesaler

A Type 17 license allows businesses to wholesale beer and wine to licensed retailers.

This license is generally used by:

  • Wine distributors 

  • Importers 

  • Wholesalers 

If your business model includes distributing products to restaurants or retailers as a wholesaler, you may need this license. 

Type 32 – Wine Blender

A Type 32 license is intended for businesses that blend, process, and package wine but do not operate as a traditional wine producer.

These businesses may:

  • Blend wines 

  • Bottle wine 

  • Package wine 

  • Sell to other licensees under applicable regulations 

This license is less common for brand owners and is generally used by specialized wine production businesses.

3. Direct-to-Consumer Shipping

Selling wine online is one thing.

Shipping wine legally is another.

Every state has its own laws governing:

  • Winery permits 

  • Direct shipping licenses 

  • Excise taxes 

  • Sales taxes 

  • Reporting requirements 

  • Volume limits 

  • Label registration 

  • Consumer age verification 

Simply because you hold a California winery license does not mean you can legally ship wine into every state.

Most states require wineries to:

  • Register before shipping 

  • Obtain a Direct Shipping Permit 

  • File regular reports 

  • Remit taxes 

  • Renew permits annually 

Failure to comply can result in fines or the loss of shipping privileges. 

4. Every State is Different

Wine shipping laws vary significantly from state to state.

Examples of differences include:

  • Some states allow unlimited direct shipping. 

  • Others cap the amount of wine a consumer can receive annually. 

  • Some require label registration. 

  • Others require brand registration. 

  • Many have unique tax filing schedules. 

  • Shipping carriers may have additional requirements. 

Because these laws change regularly, most wineries work with a compliance professional to stay current.

5. Compliance Professionals We Recommend

Pacific Wine Services does not provide legal or compliance services, but we regularly work alongside experienced compliance professionals.

Jessica Banta Consulting

Jessica assists wineries with:

  • Federal (TTB) compliance 

  • California ABC licensing 

  • Brand registration 

  • Reporting 

  • Licensing guidance 

  • Regulatory compliance 

Nancy – Uncorked Compliance

Nancy and Uncorked Compliance assist wineries with:

  • State direct shipping registrations 

  • License applications 

  • Excise tax reporting 

  • Sales tax compliance 

  • Ongoing state compliance 

  • Annual renewals 

Working with a dedicated compliance professional early in the process can save significant time, reduce costly mistakes, and help ensure your winery remains in good standing.

6. Pacific Wine Services Client Types

Pacific Wine Services works with two primary types of winery clients.

Custom Crush Clients

Custom Crush clients use Pacific Wine Services to produce, age, store, and bottle their wines while operating under their own winery license.

Services may include:

  • Fruit processing 

  • Fermentation 

  • Barrel aging 

  • Laboratory services 

  • Bottling 

  • Case goods storage 

  • Winemaking support 

  • Harvest logistics 

These clients maintain their own bonded winery status and are responsible for their own regulatory compliance and licensing.

Alternating Proprietorship (AP) Clients

An Alternating Proprietorship (AP) allows multiple federally bonded wineries to operate within the same physical winery using shared equipment and facilities while maintaining separate legal identities.

For a growing winery, an AP offers many advantages, including:

  • Your own bonded winery permit 

  • Your own TTB records 

  • Your own California Type 02 license 

  • Your own wine labels 

  • Independent inventory ownership 

  • Ability to build your own winery brand 

  • Eligibility to sell wine directly to consumers 

  • Greater flexibility as your business grows 

An AP is often an excellent option for wineries seeking greater independence without the significant capital investment required to build and operate their own production facility.

Our Recommendation

One of the first conversations we have with every prospective client is about their long-term business goals. Whether you're producing 2 tons or 200 tons, understanding how you plan to sell your wine, where you plan to sell it, and what licenses you'll need helps us connect you with the right compliance partners and structure your production in a way that supports your growth from day one.